1. Doko : Where?
Example: テブル どこですか。
Teburu doko desu ka. (Where is the table?)
Dimanakah letak meja?
2. Nani/Nan : What?
Example: 何ですか
Nan desu ka. (What is it?)
Ada apa?
何をしてますか。
Nani wo shimasuka (what are you doing?)
Apa yang sedang kau kerjakan?
3. Dare : Who?
Example: だれですか
Dare desu ka. (Who is it?)
4. Siapa?
だれのかばんですか。
Dare no kaban desuka (whom bag is it?)
Tas siapa ini?
5. Naze : Why?
Example: なぜ ですか。
Naze desu ka. (Why is it?)
Kenapa ?
6. Itsu : When ?
Example:
電車はいつ来ますか。
Densya wa Itsu kimasu ka. (When does the train arrive?)
Kapan KRL tiba?
7. Do/Ikaga : How?
Example:
ごはん は ど ですか。
gohan wa do desu ka. (How is the rice?)
Bagaimana (rasa) nasinya?
8. Ikura : How Much?
いくら ですか。
Example: Ikura desu ka. (How much is it?)
Berapa (hargan...
quick overview using japanese particle de で
Particle de common use in relation of place, method and object, basically we can summary of particle de in three function, they are
Indicates
1. where an action takes place (at, in)
2. method or tool used for an action (with, by)
3. the composition of an object (of, from)
Particle de digunakan untuk menyatakan
1. tempat dimana kegiatan dilakukan
2. metode atau cara melakukan kegiatan
3. komposisi, pembuatan sebuah object
For example
1. 学校(がっこう)で勉強(べんきょう)します。
Gakko de benkyou shimasu.
I study at school.
Saya belajar di sekolah
1. 工場で働く。
Koujou de hataraku
I work at factory.
Saya bekerja di pabrik.
2. 飛行機(ひこうき)でロンドンに行きました。
Hikoki de rondon ni ikimashita.
I went to London by plane.
Saya telah pergi ke London dengan pesawat.
2. 車で公園に遊びました。
Kuruma de kouen ni asobimashita....
Potential Verb Conjugation
Potential verb
Used to express that the verb has the ability to perform, for example, can be eaten (taberareru), can be drunk (nomeru), can be written (Kakeru), can be discarded (suterareru) and others. Rules to change the verb into verb potential are
〜る verbs
〜る ==> 〜られる
食べる (taberu) ==> 食べられる (taberareru/eatable)
捨てる(suteru) ==> 捨てられる (suterareru/discarded)
〜う verbs
u ==> eru
読む(nomu) ==> 読める (nomeru/drinkable)
話す(hanasu) ==> 話せる (hanaseru/able to talk)
書く (kaku) ==> 書ける (kakeru/writable)
Irregular verbs
くる (kuru) ==> こられる (korareru/come)
する (suru) ==> できる (dekiru / can / able to)
Alternative way of indicating potential:
v.TA + ことができる
[ex: 書いたことができる/can write]
General Note
1. verbs that already indicate potential or ability cannot...
Particle ni (に) used with verb
Particle Ni （に）can use to specify a target of verb, it is different with particle O (を) which the verb does something to direct object. For example the target of any motion verb is specified by NI particle.
Tips after place adverb it often use ni particle.
1. 先週彼女と日本に行った。
Sensyu kanojo to nihon ni itta
I went to japan with my girl friend last week.
2. 工場に行く。
Koujou ni iku
I go to factory
3. 家にくる
Ie ni kuru
Come to home.
In example number 3, the target particle always targets "to" rather than "from" if we want to say "come from" we can use "kara"
4. ジョンは、中国からきた。
Jon ha, chugoku kara kita.
Jon came from china.
If "kara" paired with "made" it means "up to"
5. 8 .00から15.00まで 仕事する。
8.00 kara 15.00 made shigoto suru.
I work From 8.00 until 15...