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Land of The Rising Sun

Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally, the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia.[10] Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun"..

Historical Town : Kyoto

Kyoto is located in a valley, part of the Yamashiro (or Kyoto) Basin, in the eastern part of the mountainous region known as the Tamba highlands. The Yamashiro Basin is surrounded on three sides by mountains known as Higashiyama, Kitayama and Nishiyama, with a height just above 1,000 metres (3,281 ft) above sea level. This interior positioning results in hot summers and cold winters. There are three rivers in the basin, the Ujigawa to the south, the Katsuragawa to the west, and the Kamogawa to the east.

Learning from Basic

Japanese (日本語 Nihongo, [nihoŋɡo]) is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese immigrant communities. It is a member of the Japonic (or Japanese-Ryukyuan) language family, which has a number of proposed relationships with other languages, none of which has gained wide acceptance among historical linguists.

Learn by Conversation

Japanese word order is classified as subject–object–verb. Unlike many Indo-European languages, the only strict rule of word order is that the verb must be placed at the end of a sentence; other elements in the sentence may be in various orders for emphasis, or possibly omitted. This is because the Japanese sentence elements are marked with particles that identify their grammatical functions.

Phrase for Intermediate Grammar

Japanese nouns have no grammatical number, gender or article aspect. The noun hon (本) may refer to a single book or several books; hito (人) can mean "person" or "people"; and ki (木) can be "tree" or "trees". Where number is important, it can be indicated by providing a quantity (often with a counter word) or (rarely) by adding a suffix. Words for people are usually understood as singular.

Basic Asking Question 5W+2H in Japanase

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1. Doko : Where?
Example: テブル　どこですか。
Teburu doko desu ka. (Where is the table?)
Dimanakah letak meja?

2. Nani/Nan : What?
Example: 何ですか　
Nan desu ka. (What is it?)
Ada apa?
何をしてますか。
Nani wo shimasuka (what are you doing?)
Apa yang sedang kau kerjakan?

3. Dare : Who?
Example: だれですか
Dare desu ka. (Who is it?)

4. Siapa?
だれのかばんですか。
Dare no kaban desuka (whom bag is it?)
Tas siapa ini?

5. Naze : Why?
Example: なぜ　ですか。
Naze desu ka. (Why is it?)
 Kenapa ?

6. Itsu : When ?
Example:
電車はいつ来ますか。
Densya wa Itsu kimasu ka. (When does the train arrive?)
Kapan KRL tiba?

7. Do/Ikaga : How?
Example:
ごはん　は　ど　ですか。
gohan wa do desu ka. (How is the rice?)
Bagaimana (rasa) nasinya?

8. Ikura : How Much?
いくら　ですか。
Example: Ikura desu ka. (How much is it?)
Berapa (harganya)
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quick overview using japanese particle de で

7 comments
Particle de common use in relation of place, method and object, basically we can summary of particle de in three function, they are
Indicates
1. where an action takes place (at, in)
2. method or tool used for an action (with, by)
3. the composition of an object (of, from)
Particle de digunakan untuk menyatakan
1. tempat dimana kegiatan dilakukan
2. metode atau cara melakukan kegiatan
3. komposisi, pembuatan sebuah object

For example
1. 学校(がっこう)で勉強(べんきょう)します。
Gakko de benkyou shimasu.
I study at school.
Saya belajar di sekolah

1. 工場で働く。
Koujou de hataraku
I work at factory.
Saya bekerja di pabrik.

2. 飛行機(ひこうき)でロンドンに行きました。
Hikoki de rondon ni ikimashita.
I went to London by plane.
Saya telah pergi ke London dengan pesawat.

2. 車で公園に遊びました。
Kuruma de kouen ni asobimashita.
I play on park by car.
Saya bermain ke taman dengan (menggunakan) mobil


3. バターはミルクで作(つく)ります。
Bata- wa miruku de tsukurimasu.
Butter is made from milk.
Mentega terbuat dari milk.
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Potential Verb Conjugation

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Potential verb
Used to express that the verb has the ability to perform, for example, can be eaten (taberareru), can be drunk (nomeru), can be written (Kakeru), can be discarded (suterareru) and others. Rules to change the verb into verb potential are
〜る verbs
〜る　==>　〜られる
食べる (taberu)　==>　食べられる (taberareru/eatable)
捨てる(suteru) ==> 捨てられる (suterareru/discarded)
〜う verbs
u　==>　eru
読む(nomu)　 ==>　読める (nomeru/drinkable)
話す(hanasu) ==> 話せる (hanaseru/able to talk)
書く (kaku) ==>  書ける (kakeru/writable)
Irregular verbs
くる　(kuru) ==>　こられる (korareru/come)
する (suru)　 ==>　できる (dekiru / can / able to)

Alternative way of indicating potential:
v.TA + ことができる
[ex: 書いたことができる/can write]
General Note
1. verbs that already indicate potential or ability cannot be conjugated into potential form [ex: 分かる/wakeru」
2. potential/ability verbs such as 分かる、見える、聞こえる、take the particle が　not　を
3. while both the potential verb form and v.TA + ことができる are translated as "can" "able to," v.TA + ことができる carries the slightly different naunce of something being possible or impossible
4. once in the potential verb form, all verbs, regardless of whether they are initially 〜る, 〜う, or irregular function as 〜る verbs and can be conjugated accordingly to get negative, polite, past etc. forms
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Particle ni (に) used with verb

4 comments
Particle Ni （に）can use to specify a target of verb, it is different with particle O (を) which the verb does something to direct object. For example the target of any motion verb is specified by NI particle.
Tips after place adverb it often use ni particle.

1. 先週彼女と日本に行った。
Sensyu kanojo to nihon ni itta
I went to japan with my girl friend last week.

2. 工場に行く。
Koujou ni iku
I go to factory

3. 家にくる
Ie ni kuru
Come to home.
In example number 3, the target particle always targets "to" rather than "from" if we want to say "come from" we can use "kara"

4. ジョンは、中国からきた。
Jon ha, chugoku kara kita.
Jon came from china.
If "kara" paired with "made" it means "up to"

5. 8 .00から15.00まで 仕事する。
8.00 kara 15.00 made shigoto suru.
I work From 8.00 until 15.00
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