Vru youni, V.nai youni, To do (verb)

there are various ways to express purpose or something to do, this pattern also can use to express our purpose, see the pattern below :

V.ru youni , sentence 2
or
V.ru nai youni, sentence 2

this pattern also can be use to connecting other sentence, see the example below :
1. 学生にも分かるように、先生はやさしいで　説明します。
gakusei nimo wakaru youni, sensei wa yasashii de setsumeisimasu.
student has to understand, teacher explain clearly.

2. かぜをひかないように、良く食べてください。
kazewo hikanaiyouni, yoku tabete kudasai.
to prevent cold、please eat well.

3. 英語出来るように、毎晩本を読む。
eigo dekiru youni, maiban hon o yomu.
to able to (speak) English language, every night read (English) book

Vocabulary / kotoba / 言葉
学生　：　gakusei : student
先生　： sensei : teacher
説明する　：　setsumei suru : explain
かぜ　：kaze : cold
食べる　: taberu : eat
出来る　：　dekiru : can, able to
毎晩　：maiban : every night
本　：　hon : book

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Purpose, In order to do (verb), V.ru noni

V.ru (dictionary) noni is also one kind to express purpose or obtain objective, see the pattern below

Sentence 1. + V.ru/V.dict + noni + Sentence 2 / Adverb
.... V.る＋のに＋。。
(sentence 1)+ tobe in order to + sentence 2 / Adverb

for more information see the example below
1.パソコン　は　部品の設計するのに　役に立ちます。
pasokon wa buhin no sekkei suru noni yakunitachimasu.
computer are very useful in order to design part.

2. ここから　駅へ行くのには　２時間かかります。
kokokara eki e iku noni　wa 2jikankakarimasu.
from here to station need 2 hours.

3.外国旅行をするのに　パスポートは大切です。
gaikoku ryokou o suru noni pasupoto wa taisetsu desu.
Passport is important in order to travel abroad.

you also can use this pattern to express pupose using V.ru noni
Use or objective noni + (use, necessary, useful, convenient, etc)

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Obtain Objective, purpose - tameni

tameni is also one kind to express purpose or obtain objective, see the pattern below

V.ru/Dictionary + tameni
(ｖ。る　ために)
in order to

how to use those pattern, see example below
1. 日本語を勉強する　ために　日本へ　行く。
nihongo o benkyousuru tameni nihon e iku.
in order to learn japanese language, (I) go to japan.

2. 学校　では　何を　ために　勉強して　いる　でしょう。
gakko dewa nani o tameni benkyousite iru desyou.
at the school, what are studying to be

3. 家族　の　ために　働いて　います。
kazoku no tameni hataraite imasu.
for family, i working.

Grammar
both noun and verb can put at front of tameni,
if using verb, use dictionary from, or V.ru, see example number 1
if using Noun, between noun and tameni place particle no, see example number 3.
for ask "what for?" we can use expression "nani o tameni", see example number 2.

Verb of violation
Don't use potential verbs in front of tameni, because it's became confusing. see example below
先生の　字　を　良く見えるために、前の方にすわります。（X)
sensei no ji wo yoku mieru tameni, maeno hou ni suwarimasu.
those sample is wrong because use potential verb, (mieru)
the right sentence is using Vru/Dictionary from, below

先生の字を良く見る　ために、前の方にすわります。
sensei no ji o yoku miru tameni, mae no hou ni suwarimasu.
in order to see more clearly the teacher's letter,(i) sit in front.

tameni is used when we want to express objective more directly than ni ikimasu.

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Obtain Objective, purpose - Ni ikimasu

to obtain objective or purpose in Japanese language they are six expression that we can use, it are

1. Ni ikimasu （に　行きます）
2. Vru /V.dictionary + noni (ｖ。る　のに）
3. Vru/V.dictionary + tameni (ｖ。る　ために)
4. Vru/V.dictionary + youni (ｖ。る　ように)
5. Vru/V.dictionary + naiyouni (ｖ。る　ない　ように)
6. Noun no tame　ni (N.てめに)

now let's learn ni ikimasu, see the phrase below

Purpose + Ni + verb Movement

What is Verb Movement ?


verb of movement i verb that have meaning of movement, for example
ikimasu （行きます）to go
kaerimasu （帰ります）go back
kimasu （来ます）come

see the example sentence below
1. 毎金曜日　買いものに　行きます
mai kinyoubi kaimono ni ikimasu
every Friday going to shopping.

2. 日曜日暇なら　遊びに行くんだ。
nichiyoubi hima nara asobi ni ikunda
If (I) have time on Sunday, i going to play.

3. 山田さん　は　何をしに　来たの。
yamadasan wa nani wo sini kitano.
what for yamada san come?

4. 僕　は　ロビー　へ　新聞を読みに　行きます。
boku wa robi e shinbun wo yomini ikimasu.
will go to the lobby to read newspaper.

Grammar
before ni ikimasu, we can put
Noun, if put noun we can use those formula without change the noun, see sentence example number 1 and 2.
Verb, when use verb, we must you Vni, for V.ru/V.dictionary change ru with ni for group 1, erase ru for group 2 and change suru with sini for groups 3, for example
読む　－　読み　－to read
飲む　－　飲み - to drink
食べる　－　食べ　－to eat
勉強する　－　勉強しに　－　to learn

in case the purpose or objective is serious, ni ikimasu should not use, ru tameni is prefer to use.

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