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Land of The Rising Sun

Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally, the State of Japan) is an island nation in East Asia.[10] Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun"..

Historical Town : Kyoto

Kyoto is located in a valley, part of the Yamashiro (or Kyoto) Basin, in the eastern part of the mountainous region known as the Tamba highlands. The Yamashiro Basin is surrounded on three sides by mountains known as Higashiyama, Kitayama and Nishiyama, with a height just above 1,000 metres (3,281 ft) above sea level. This interior positioning results in hot summers and cold winters. There are three rivers in the basin, the Ujigawa to the south, the Katsuragawa to the west, and the Kamogawa to the east.

Learning from Basic

Japanese (日本語 Nihongo, [nihoŋɡo]) is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese immigrant communities. It is a member of the Japonic (or Japanese-Ryukyuan) language family, which has a number of proposed relationships with other languages, none of which has gained wide acceptance among historical linguists.

Learn by Conversation

Japanese word order is classified as subject–object–verb. Unlike many Indo-European languages, the only strict rule of word order is that the verb must be placed at the end of a sentence; other elements in the sentence may be in various orders for emphasis, or possibly omitted. This is because the Japanese sentence elements are marked with particles that identify their grammatical functions.

Phrase for Intermediate Grammar

Japanese nouns have no grammatical number, gender or article aspect. The noun hon (本) may refer to a single book or several books; hito (人) can mean "person" or "people"; and ki (木) can be "tree" or "trees". Where number is important, it can be indicated by providing a quantity (often with a counter word) or (rarely) by adding a suffix. Words for people are usually understood as singular.

Purpose, In order to do (verb), V.ru noni

3 comments
V.ru (dictionary) noni is also one kind to express purpose or obtain objective, see the pattern below

Sentence 1. + V.ru/V.dict + noni + Sentence 2 / Adverb
.... V.る＋のに＋。。
(sentence 1)+ tobe in order to + sentence 2 / Adverb

for more information see the example below
1.パソコン　は　部品の設計するのに　役に立ちます。
pasokon wa buhin no sekkei suru noni yakunitachimasu.
computer are very useful in order to design part.

2. ここから　駅へ行くのには　２時間かかります。
kokokara eki e iku noni　wa 2jikankakarimasu.
from here to station need 2 hours.

3.外国旅行をするのに　パスポートは大切です。
gaikoku ryokou o suru noni pasupoto wa taisetsu desu.
Passport is important in order to travel abroad.

you also can use this pattern to express pupose using V.ru noni
Use or objective noni + (use, necessary, useful, convenient, etc)

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Obtain Objective, purpose - tameni

2 comments
tameni is also one kind to express purpose or obtain objective, see the pattern below

V.ru/Dictionary + tameni
(ｖ。る　ために)
in order to

how to use those pattern, see example below
1. 日本語を勉強する　ために　日本へ　行く。
nihongo o benkyousuru tameni nihon e iku.
in order to learn japanese language, (I) go to japan.

2. 学校　では　何を　ために　勉強して　いる　でしょう。
gakko dewa nani o tameni benkyousite iru desyou.
at the school, what are studying to be

3. 家族　の　ために　働いて　います。
kazoku no tameni hataraite imasu.
for family, i working.

Grammar
both noun and verb can put at front of tameni,
if using verb, use dictionary from, or V.ru, see example number 1
if using Noun, between noun and tameni place particle no, see example number 3.
for ask "what for?" we can use expression "nani o tameni", see example number 2.

Verb of violation
Don't use potential verbs in front of tameni, because it's became confusing. see example below
先生の　字　を　良く見えるために、前の方にすわります。（X)
sensei no ji wo yoku mieru tameni, maeno hou ni suwarimasu.
those sample is wrong because use potential verb, (mieru)
the right sentence is using Vru/Dictionary from, below

先生の字を良く見る　ために、前の方にすわります。
sensei no ji o yoku miru tameni, mae no hou ni suwarimasu.
in order to see more clearly the teacher's letter,(i) sit in front.

tameni is used when we want to express objective more directly than ni ikimasu.


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Obtain Objective, purpose - Ni ikimasu

4 comments
to obtain objective or purpose in Japanese language they are six expression that we can use, it are

1. Ni ikimasu （に　行きます）
2. Vru /V.dictionary + noni (ｖ。る　のに）
3. Vru/V.dictionary + tameni (ｖ。る　ために)
4. Vru/V.dictionary + youni (ｖ。る　ように)
5. Vru/V.dictionary + naiyouni (ｖ。る　ない　ように)
6. Noun no tame　ni (N.てめに)

now let's learn ni ikimasu, see the phrase below

Purpose + Ni + verb Movement

What is Verb Movement ?


verb of movement i verb that have meaning of movement, for example
ikimasu （行きます）to go
kaerimasu （帰ります）go back
kimasu （来ます）come

see the example sentence below
1. 毎金曜日　買いものに　行きます
mai kinyoubi kaimono ni ikimasu
every Friday going to shopping.

2. 日曜日暇なら　遊びに行くんだ。
nichiyoubi hima nara asobi ni ikunda
If (I) have time on Sunday, i going to play.

3. 山田さん　は　何をしに　来たの。
yamadasan wa nani wo sini kitano.
what for yamada san come?

4. 僕　は　ロビー　へ　新聞を読みに　行きます。
boku wa robi e shinbun wo yomini ikimasu.
will go to the lobby to read newspaper.

Grammar
before ni ikimasu, we can put
Noun, if put noun we can use those formula without change the noun, see sentence example number 1 and 2.
Verb, when use verb, we must you Vni, for V.ru/V.dictionary change ru with ni for group 1, erase ru for group 2 and change suru with sini for groups 3, for example
読む　－　読み　－to read
飲む　－　飲み - to drink
食べる　－　食べ　－to eat
勉強する　－　勉強しに　－　to learn

in case the purpose or objective is serious, ni ikimasu should not use, ru tameni is prefer to use.
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Sorry, I late because...

1 comment
Sorry I late because traffics jam

the conversation below held between Mr.Nakayama (Mr.N) and Mr.Kobayashi (Mr.K) when Mr.Nakayama late because traffics jam.

Japanese kanji, kana version

中山：遅れてしまって　すみません。。
小林：今　何時。どうしたの中くん。
中山：すみません。。六時から　道が　込んでいたので　なかなか　時間遅れてしまいました。
小林：や。。、でもさ。。中くん　毎日　いつも　電車に　のって　だよ。。どして　今日車で行ったの。
中山：ええ。。　はい。ええと。。今晩　やくそく　ありましたから。　もし　電車　使うはめんどうと　思います。
小林：やくそく！！、今晩　残業できないですか。
中山：やくそく　ありましたし、今日も　水曜日ですから。
小林：そか。。そがないな。。じゃ。。会議　始めよう。
中山：はい。

spelling in romanji

Mr.N : okuretesimatte sumimasen..
Mr.K : ima nanji? doushitano nakakun (Mr.N)
Mr.N : sumimasen.. rokujikara michi ga konde ita node nakanaka jikan okuretesimaimashita.
Mr.K : ya.. demosa.. nakakun mainichi itsumo densyani notte dayo.. doshite kyou　kuruma de ittano.
Mr.N : ee.. hai, eeto.. konban yakusoku arimashitakara. mosi densya tsukauwa mendou to omoimasu.
Mr.K : yakusoku !!?, konban zangyou dekinaidesuka?
Mr.N : yakusoku arimashitashi,kyou mo suiyounidesukara.
Mr.K : soka.. soganaina.. jya.. kaigi hajimeyo.
Mr.N : Hai

Meaning :
Mr.N : please..forgive.. i'm late
Mr.K : What's time is it? Why Mr.Naka ?
Mr.N : i'm sorry, becouse there was traffic jam from 6 a clock so it's difficult not late.
Mr.K : hmm.. but everyday Mr.Naka always going by train right? why this day by car ?
Mr.N : e.. hai, because tonight i have appointment, I think it's difficult if going by car.
Mr.K : Appointment !! To night will not take overtime?
Mr.N : beside i have appointment, this day is Wednesdays (Some Company in japan make Wednesday as family day)
Mr.K : soka... I don't have words any more... Let's start meeting
Mr.N : oke

Vocabulary
今晩 : konban : to night
電車　: densya : train
込んでいる　：konde iru : traffic jam
(に) のる　：to go by
やくそく　：yakusoku : Appoitment
残業　：zangyou : Overtime
会議　：kaigi : meeting
水曜日：suiyoubi : Wednesday
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